![]() ![]() Nodes of Ranvier allows diffusion of ions in and out of the neuron and thus maintains the electrical potential of the neuronĪpart from all the major parts described so far in a neuron, there are other structures (that are not basic parts) found at the junctions between the neurons that help to establish functional links or connections between them.Myelin sheath also increases the speed of the flow of signals through the axon.Myelin sheath insulates the axon and thus prevents shock similar to an insulated electric wire. ![]() ![]() Axons help to receive signals from other neurons and transmit the outflow of the message to the adjacent connected neurons and also to other muscles and glands by changing the electrical potential of the cell membrane called the action potential.Parts of an AxonĪ) Axon hillock – The part of the axon which remains attached to the cell body or soma.ī) Myelin sheath – The layer of fatty acid produced from specialized cells called Schwann cells that are wrapped around the axon.Ĭ) Nodes of Ranvier – The gaps between the discontinuous myelin sheath that is running along the axon. Sometimes, a single axon is highly branched to allow better communication with multiple target neurons at the same time. The larger the diameter of the axon, the faster is the rate of transmission of nerve signals. They receive many signals from other neurons and contain specialized proteins that. These occupy a large surface area of a neuron. Nerve cells (neurons) have extensive processes called. They are the longest part of the neuron that varies widely in length, with some are as tiny as 0.1 millimeters, while some others can be over 3 feet. Dendrites (dendrontree) are membranous tree-like projections arising from the body of the neuron, about 57 per neuron on average, and about 2m in length. Axons run from the cell body of one neuron until the terminal of the next neuron. They are fine, elongated fiber-like extensions of the nerve cell membrane. ![]()
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